“Between the lines”—that’s how we describe unspoken messages that the actual text may omit but that are conveyed, for example, through word choice or tone of voice. A research team led by the Max Planck Institute for Empirical Aesthetics (MPIEA) in Frankfurt am Main, Germany, has investigated how we convey meaning through speech intonation and identified different listener profiles. The results have been published in Cognition.
